´ë¸í»ç - Some/any, either, ºÎºÐºÎÁ¤
- 19. Some, AnyÀÇ ¿ë¹ý
¨ç±àÁ¤¹®¿¡¼´Â some, Àǹ®¹®, Á¶°Ç¹®, ºÎÁ¤¹®¿¡¼´Â any.
* I have a lot of pencils; if you want any, I will give you some.
¨è±ÇÀ¯, ÀÇ·ÚÀÇ Àǹ®¹®°ú ±àÁ¤ÀÇ ´ë´äÀ» ±â´ëÇÏ´Â Àǹ®¹® ¡æ some.
* Will you have some beer?
* Any one can do it.
¨é±àÁ¤¹®ÀÇ any: ¾î¶² ¢¦ ÀÏÁö¶óµµ.
* Any child knows it.
¨ê some = about, a certain.
* We waited some twenty minutes. (= about)
* He went to some place in Africa. (= a certain)
20. None, NoÀÇ ¿ë¹ý
* none: ´Üµ¶À¸·Î ¾²¿© ºÎÁ¤´ë¸í»ç.
no : ¸í»ç¿¡ ºÙ¾î Çü¿ë»ç·Î ¾²ÀÓ.
* noneÀº ¿ø·¡ no oneÀÇ ¶æÀ¸·Î ´ë¸í»ç·Î¼ ´Ü¼ö, º¹¼ö ¾î´À ÂÊ¿¡³ª ¾²ÀÌÁö¸¸ °¡»ê¸í»ç¸¦ ³ªÅ¸³¾ ¶§´Â º¸Åë º¹¼ö Ãë±ÞÀ» ÇÑ´Ù.
* no´Â I have¢¦, There is¢¦ ¹®Çü¿¡¼ not any ´ë½Å¿¡ ¾²¿© 「Á¶±Ýµµ ¢¦¾Æ´Ñ」ÀÇ ¶æÀ» ³ªÅ¸³½´Ù.
* None have succeeded in solving the problem. (¾Æ¹«µµ ±× ¹®Á¦¸¦ Ç®Áö ¸øÇß´Ù.)
He sought rest and found none. (±×´Â ÈÞ½ÄÀ» ã¾ÒÀ¸³ª Á¶±Ýµµ ãÁö ¸øÇß´Ù.)
* I have no children. (³ª´Â ¾î¸°¾Ö°¡ ¾ø´Ù.)
There is no hope. (Èñ¸ÁÀº Á¶±Ýµµ ¾ø´Ù.)
He is no genius. (±×´Â °áÄÚ ÃµÀç°¡ ¾Æ´Ï´Ù.)
¡Þ He is no genius.´Â He is not a genius. º¸´Ù °ÇÑ ¶æÀÌ´Ù.
21. ºÎºÐºÎÁ¤
¡Þ each, every, all µîÀÌ ºÎÁ¤¾î¿Í ÇÔ²² ¾²ÀÌ¸é ºÎºÐºÎÁ¤ÀÌ µÈ´Ù.
¨ç not + both: µÑ ´Ù ¢¦ ÇÑ °ÍÀº ¾Æ´Ï´Ù.
* I know both of them. (¿ÏÀü±àÁ¤)
* I do not know both of them. (ºÎºÐºÎÁ¤)
* I do not know either of them.
= I know neither of them. (¿ÏÀü±àÁ¤)
¨è not + all: ¸ðµÎ°¡(¼Â ÀÌ»óÀÏ ¶§) ¢¦ ÇÑ °ÍÀº ¾Æ´Ï´Ù.
* I invited all of them. (¿ÏÀü±àÁ¤)
* I did not invite all of them. (ºÎºÐºÎÁ¤)
* I did not invite any of them. (¿ÏÀüºÎÁ¤)
= I invited none of them.
¡Þ not + any = none.
* All is not gold that glitters. (ºÎºÐºÎÁ¤)
¨é not + every: ´©±¸³ª(¾î´À°ÍÀ̳ª) ¢¦ ÇÑ °ÍÀº ¾Æ´Ï´Ù.
* Everybody likes her. (¿ÏÀü±àÁ¤)
* Everybody does not like her. (ºÎºÐºÎÁ¤)
* Nobody likes her. (¿ÏÀüºÎÁ¤)
¡Þ Every + notÀÇ ¿ÏÀüºÎÁ¤Àº nobody(»ç¶÷ÀÎ °æ¿ì), nothing(»ç¹°ÀÎ °æ¿ì).
¨êºÎºÐºÎÁ¤.
* not + always: Ç×»ó ¢¦ ÇÑ °ÍÀº ¾Æ´Ï´Ù.
¡Þ The rich are not always happy.
The rich are never happy.
* not + completely : ¿ÏÀüÈ÷ ¢¦ ÇÑ °ÍÀº ¾Æ´Ï´Ù.
¡Þ Not all of the crew completely happy.
* not + entirely = not + altogether: ÀüÀûÀ¸·Î ¢¦ ÇÑ °ÍÀº ¾Æ´Ï´Ù.
¡Þ You are not entirely free from blame.
¡Þ I do not altogether agree with him.
* not + necessarily: ¹Ýµå½Ã ¢¦ ÇÑ °ÍÀº ¾Æ´Ï´Ù.
¡Þ The greatest minds do not necessarily ripen the quickest.
* not + absolutely : Àý´ëÀûÀ¸·Î ¢¦ ÇÑ °ÍÀº ¾Æ´Ï´Ù.
¢¡ not ¢¦ in the least = not ¢¦ at all = never: °áÄÚ ¢¦ ÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï´Ù. (¿ÏÀüºÎÁ¤)
22. At all, -thing, -bodyÀÇ ¿ë¹ý
¨ç at all.
* They are not interested at all. (Á¶±Ýµµ ¢¦ÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï´Ù)
* If you do it at all do it well. (Á¶°Ç¹®; Àû¾îµµ, ±â¿Õ¿¡)
* Do you believe it at all? (Àǹ®¹®; µµ´ëü)
* I am surprised that he passed the exam at all. (Æò¼¹®; ¾î·µç)
* There are very little if at all. (°ü¿ëÀû; ÀÖ´Ù¼ÕÄ¡´õ¶óµµ)
¨è -thing, -body.
: any¿Í someÀÇ ¿ë¹ý¿¡ ÁØÇÑ´Ù.
* Is there anything interesting in today's paper?
* Is anybody in the room?
* I saw something white in the dark.
¡Þ -thingÀÇ ´ë¸í»ç¸¦ ¼ö½ÄÇÏ´Â Çü¿ë»ç´Â ´ë°³ ±× µÚ¿¡ ¿Â´Ù.
* everything: 「µÑ Áß Çϳª」, something: 「»ó´çÇÑ °Í」, nothing: 「ÇÏÂúÀº °Í」.
¡Þ Money is everything to her.
He thinks something of himself.
If want to be anybody, you must make efforts.
She was a humble nobody a few years ago.
23. Either, Neither, both.
* Do you know either of the two sisters? (µÑ ÁßÀÇ Çϳª)
Do you know any of the sisters? (¼Â ÀÌ»ó ÁßÀÇ Çϳª)
¡Þ either side = both side.
* If you do not go, I will not, either.
If you will not do so, neither will I.
¡Þ not°ú too´Â °°ÀÌ ¸ø¾²¸ç too ´ë½Å either¸¦ ¾´´Ù.
not either = neither, neither will I = nor will I.
* I do not know both of the sisters. (±× µÎÀڸŸ¦ ´Ù ¾ËÁö´Â ¸øÇÑ´Ù.)
¡Þ ¡¦ not + both = ºÎºÐºÎÁ¤.