① Will : 현재의 불규칙적 습관. (～하곤하다)
Would: 과거의 불규칙적 습관. (～하곤했다)
* He will often sit up reading all night.
* He would often come home drunk, and beat his wife.
②소망 (wish to, want to)
* He who would search for pearls, must dive deep.
* Would that I were young again!
Would to God
I wish
③거절, 고집.
* The door will not open. (현재의 고집)
* He would not help me. (과거의 고집)
④습관, 경향 (He'll과 같이 생략형을 쓸 수가 없다)
* Accident will happen.
* Dogs will bark when they see a stranger.
⑤기타.
* This vessel will hold 2 gallons of water. (포용력)
* Would you pass me the salt? (공손)
* He would be about twenty, when he met her. (추측)
* He was a strong will. (그는 강한 의지를 갖고 있다)
* He made his will before his death.
◇ will이 명사로 쓰이면 “의지, 뜻, 의사, 유언” 등으로 쓰임.
* I would rather die (than) live in dishonor.
would sooner
had rather
= I would choose death before life in dishonor.
= I prefer dying to living in dishonor. (전치사 + 명사,동명사)
= I prefer to die rather than (to) live in dishonor.
= 불명예스럽게 사느니 죽는 것이 낫다.
5. Should Ⅰ
①의무 (should + 원형동사: ～해야한다)
* The young should respect the old.
◇ ‘should + 동사원형’은 ‘ought to + 동사원형’과 마찬가지로 의무 “～해야한다”의 뜻.
②과거의 비난, 유감, 후회 (should + have + p.p.; ～했어야했는데)
* You should have worked harder.
ought to
= I am sorry (that) you didn't work harder.
= I wish you had worked harder.
Would that
Would to God
If only
= You had to work harder, but you didn't.
③강한의문, 놀람, 당연 (의문사 + should)
* Why should you stay in Seoul in this hot weather?
◇ should가 why, how, who 등의 의문문에서 강한 의문, 놀람, 당연 등으로 쓰이면 “도대체 ～인가?”의 뜻.
* How should I know it? (수사의문문)
= I don't know it at all.
◇ Who should A but b? : 도대체 누가 A하는가 했더니 다름아닌 바로 B이더라.
④이성적 판단의 should.
* It is natural that he should get angry.
= It is natural for him to get angry.
= He may well get angry.
◇ It is + 형 + that～ 구문에서 형용사 necessary, important, natural, good, well, right, wrong, rational 등이 오면 that절에 should를 사용한다. (해석할 필요는 없음)
⑤감정적 판단의 should.
* It is strange that she should cry all day long.
◇ It is 다음에 a pity, surprising, odd, strange, curious 등이 쓰이면 that～에 should를 사용하며, “～하다니”로 해석한다.
should + 동사원형 → 현재의 일.
should + have + p.p. → 과거의 일.
⑥기타.
* He should arrive by the 6:15 train. (추측)
* I should like to go to America once more. (완곡한 표현)
* Write it down in your notebook lest you should forget it.
* He lowered his voice for fear that he should be heard.
→ “～하지 않도록”, 자체 속에 부정의 뜻 포함. should 다음에 not을 쓰지 않도록 주의 할 것.
