수동태 - 명령문, 부정문, 전치사
- 12. 명령문 수동태
◇｢Let + 목적어 + be + 과거분사｣의 형태를 사용한다.
* Do it at once.
→ Let it be done at once.
* Don't touch the stone.
→ Don't let the stone be touched.
→ Let the stone not be touched.
△명령문의 부정은 두가지가 있다.
｢Don't let + 목적어 + be + 과거분사｣
｢Let + 목적어 + not + be + 과거분사｣
13. 부정문 수동태
* no ↔ not + any. * nobody ↔ not + anybody.
* never ↔ not + ever. * nothing ↔ not + anything.
* neither ↔ not + either. * no one ↔ no + anyone.
◇ not은 항상 문두로 가려는 성질이 있음.
* Anyone can not solve the problem. (×)
→ No one can solve the problem. (○)
14. 동작의 행위를 나타내는 전치사
◇능동문의 주어는 수동태에서 대개 전치사구로 나타나는데 그 때의 대표적인 전치사는 by이지만, 동사에 따라 다른 전치사가 오는 경우가 있다.
* Snow covers the mountain.
→ The mountain is covered with snow.
* Everybody knows the poet.
→ The poet is known to everybody.
△A man is known by the company he keeps.
* His sudden death surprised me.
→ I was surprised at his sudden death.
△기쁨, 슬픔, 놀람 따위의 감정을 나타내는 동사는 보통 수동태로 나타내며, 여기 수반하는 전치사는 대개 at, with 이다.
I am pleased with my students.
I am satisfied with the result.
I was astonished at his conduct.
* This book interests me.
→ I am interested in this book.
△I was tired from the work.
I was tired of my quiet life.
The street is crowded with a lot of people.
